Major depressive disorder (MDD) (also known as recurrent depressive disorder, clinical depression, major depression, unipolar depression, or unipolar disorder) is a mental disorder described by an overall low mood with a low self-esteem, and by a loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities. In the United States, around 3.4% of people with major depression commit suicide, and up to 60% of people who commit suicide had depression or another mood disorder. The diagnosis of major depressive disorder is based on an evaluation of the patient’s self-reported experiences, behavior reported by relatives or friends, and a mental status examination. MDD most likely appears at the ages of 20 and 30 years, with a later peak between 30 and 40 years. Usually, patients are treated with antidepressant medication with, in many cases, psychotherapy or counseling. The causes of MDD are most likely linked to psychological, psycho-social, hereditary, evolutionary and biological factors.
Major depression is a mental disorder (or mental illness) characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.
Major depression can be caused by hormones, life events, early childhood trauma, abuse, certain medications, conflict, death or a loss, genetics, major events, serious illness, or substance abuse.
A health professional — such as your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist — will perform a thorough medical evaluation. The professional will ask about your personal and family psychiatric history. You may also have to complete a depression screening test.
Major depression affects about 7% of the U.S. population over age 18, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.
Symptoms of major depression are sadness, hopelessness, irritability, emptiness, fatigue, sleeping problems, loss of interest in usual actives, significant weight changes, difficulty concentrating or remembering details.
Depression is a dejected state of mind with feelings of sadness, discouragement, and hopelessness, often accompanied by reduced activity and ability to function. The condition may be mild and temporary, and is not a risk-adjusted diagnosis. Major Depressive Disorder– on the other hand – is generally diagnosed when the patient has a consistent depressed mood or a loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities for at least a two-week period.
Antidepressant medication, psychotherapy, and electroconvulsive therapy.
Untreated depression can get worse, and thoughts of suicide can occur.